Question 1 Which design addresses the problem of testing interaction with the stimulus? a. double-blind design b. posttest-only control-group design c. Solomon four-group design d. one-shot case study e. static group comparison
Question 2 Kenny performed an experiment on the effects of after-school educational activities on students' academic performance. His experimental group involved after-school educational activities and his control group involved after-school non-educational activities. The children in the control group felt left out and gave up on the experiment. Which source of internal invalidity is reflected? a. demoralization b. testing c. statistical regression d. selection biases e. instrumentation Question 3 Izzie performed a study in which she introduced a stimulus, longer coffee breaks, and then measured how often employees left early, the dependent variable. No pretests were done. Which design did she use? a. double-blind design b. one-shot case study c. static group comparison d. posttest-only control-group design e. Solomon four-group design
Question 4 The posttest-only control group most closely represents which preexperimental design? a. one-group pretest-posttest design b. Solomon four-group design c. static-group comparison design d. one-shot case study e. double-blind design
Question 5 Igor wanted to do an experiment testing the effects of a new classroom strategy for teaching reading on reading skills of elementary school students. He used random assignment and wanted to make sure that neither the subjects nor the experimenters knew which is the experimental group and which is the control group. Best to use would be the a. one-group pretest-posttest design b. double-blind design c. ex-post facto design d. natural experiment design e. static group comparison Question 6 Lee selected people with only the highest self-esteem scores for her experiment on the effects of divorce on self-esteem. She should be particularly alert to which potential source of internal invalidity? a. statistical regression b. testing c. demoralization d. history e. maturation
Question 7 To select subjects in participate in experiments, researchers are not likely to use a. matching b. randomization c. probability sampling techniques d. random assignment of subjects to experimental and control groups e. none of the above Question 8 In experimentation, external invalidity relates to a. the biasing effect of testing on subjects b. issues of conceptualizaton and operationalization c. the generalizability of experimental findings to the real world d. ambiguity about the time order of the experimental stimulus and the dependent variable e. the possibility that the conclusions drawn from experimental results may not accurately reflect what has gone on in the experiment itself
Question 9 Stanley Milgram's obedience experiment raised the ethical issue of a. social harm b. physical harm c. psychological harm d. voluntary participation e. not fully debriefing research subjects
Question 10 The greatest weakness of laboratory experiments is a. their artificiality b. that they are relatively expensive c. that they are relatively time-consuming d. their ability to lend themselves to replicability e. the isolation of the experimental stimulus and its impact over time
